Contribuţii privind optimizarea structurilor de navă

Abstract

Starting from the word optimal derived from the Latin optimus which means the best or the very best, or which provides the greatest economic efficiency, this work can be justified in the light of the attempt to obtain motivation, for a given problem in the best defined context. The optimization problem in mechanical engineering is based on the knowledge of the mechanical properties of materials and external actions in order to determine their geometric configuration and their mechanical condition. In the construction sector, the need to introduce processes of optimization occurs in many branches of activity. The optimization problem based on a mathematical model is a design tool as in the construction statics the tension method or the displacement method are tools for structural analysis of the behavior of deformable structures. To solve the optimization problem it is necessary to know the appropriate methods of calculation. The evolution of the optimization methods is stimulated by the existence of computers, of the need to improve the operation and working conditions simultaneously with the requirements of size and weight reduction of the construction. The automation of the process of optimization involves solving the following three main problems: - Efficient analysis of the structure consisting of the calculation of the principal response (tension, displacement, etc.) of all structures and structural elements; - The evaluation of limit states consisting in the calculation of the structure capability for a given set of dimensional values of the component elements, for a material with known mechanical characteristics; - Actual optimization consisting in the application of a systematic method for determining the dimensions of the component elements of structures so as to achieve an optimal design for a particular objective (weight, cost price) satisfying all constraints.